Extensor Tendinitis: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

What are the symptoms of extensor tendinitis?

Extensor tendinitis, also known as extensor tendinopathy or extensor tendinosis, is a condition characterized by inflammation or degeneration of the tendons in the extensor muscles of the forearm or hand. These tendons are responsible for extending the wrist and fingers.

The symptoms of extensor tendinitis can vary but may include:

1. Pain: Pain along the back of the forearm or hand, especially when gripping or lifting objects, or when extending the wrist or fingers.
2. Tenderness: Tenderness or sensitivity to touch over the affected tendons.
3. Swelling: Swelling or inflammation in the affected area.
4. Stiffness: Stiffness or reduced range of motion in the wrist or fingers.
5. Weakness: Weakness in the wrist or fingers, especially when trying to grip or lift objects.
6. Crepitus: A crackling or popping sensation in the affected tendons with movement.
7. Difficulty performing activities: Difficulty performing activities that require gripping, lifting, or extending the wrist or fingers, such as typing, writing, or playing sports.

It’s important to note that these symptoms can also occur with other conditions affecting the forearm and hand, so it’s essential to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

What are the causes of extensor tendinitis?

Extensor tendinitis, also known as extensor tendinopathy or extensor tendinosis, is typically caused by repetitive stress or overuse of the extensor tendons in the forearm or hand. Some common causes and risk factors for extensor tendinitis include:

1. Repetitive motions: Activities that involve repetitive wrist or finger movements, such as typing, using a computer mouse, playing musical instruments, or playing sports like tennis or golf, can strain the extensor tendons and lead to tendinitis.
2. Poor ergonomics: Incorrect posture or positioning during activities that require repetitive wrist or finger movements can increase the risk of developing tendinitis.
3. Muscle imbalances: Weakness or tightness in the muscles of the forearm or hand can alter the mechanics of the wrist and lead to increased stress on the extensor tendons.
4. Overuse: Engaging in activities that require repetitive wrist or finger movements without adequate rest can lead to overuse and strain on the extensor tendons.
5. Age-related changes: As we age, tendons can become less flexible and more prone to degeneration, increasing the risk of tendinitis.
6. Sports injuries: Injuries from sports or activities that involve repetitive wrist or finger movements, such as tennis elbow or golfer’s elbow, can also contribute to extensor tendinitis.
7. Medical conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, or diabetes, can increase the risk of developing tendinitis.

It’s important to address the underlying causes of extensor tendinitis to prevent recurrence. This may involve modifying activities, improving ergonomics, strengthening and stretching exercises, and seeking treatment from a healthcare professional.

How is the diagnosis of extensor tendinitis made?

The diagnosis of extensor tendinitis is typically made based on a combination of medical history, physical examination, and sometimes imaging studies. Here’s how the diagnosis is usually made:

1. Medical history: Your healthcare provider will ask about your symptoms, including the location and nature of your pain, any activities that worsen or alleviate your symptoms, and any previous injuries or medical conditions that may be relevant.
2. Physical examination: During the physical examination, your healthcare provider will examine your forearm, wrist, and hand for signs of tenderness, swelling, warmth, or redness. They may also assess your range of motion and strength in your wrist and fingers.
3. Provocative tests: Your healthcare provider may perform specific tests to reproduce your symptoms, such as resisted wrist or finger extension, to help confirm the diagnosis.
4. Imaging studies: In some cases, imaging studies such as X-rays, ultrasound, or MRI may be ordered to rule out other conditions or to assess the extent of the tendon damage.
5. Laboratory tests: In some cases, blood tests may be ordered to rule out underlying medical conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or gout.

Based on the findings from the history, physical examination, and any additional tests, your healthcare provider can make a diagnosis of extensor tendinitis and recommend an appropriate treatment plan. It’s important to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment recommendations.

What is the treatment for extensor tendinitis?

The treatment for extensor tendinitis typically involves a combination of rest, activity modification, physical therapy, and medications to reduce pain and inflammation. In more severe cases, other interventions such as splinting, corticosteroid injections, or surgery may be considered. Here are some common treatment approaches for extensor tendinitis:

1. Rest and activity modification: Resting the affected arm and avoiding activities that worsen symptoms can help reduce inflammation and allow the tendon to heal. Gradual return to activity is typically recommended once symptoms improve.
2. Ice therapy: Applying ice to the affected area for 15-20 minutes several times a day can help reduce pain and inflammation.
3. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Over-the-counter NSAIDs such as ibuprofen or naproxen can help reduce pain and inflammation. It’s important to follow the dosing instructions and consult with a healthcare professional if you have any underlying health conditions.
4. Physical therapy: A physical therapist can provide exercises to strengthen and stretch the muscles and tendons in the forearm and hand, improve range of motion, and correct any underlying muscle imbalances or biomechanical issues.
5. Corticosteroid injections: In some cases, corticosteroid injections may be recommended to reduce inflammation and pain. However, these injections are typically used judiciously due to the risk of tendon weakening or rupture with repeated use.
6. Splinting: Wearing a splint or brace to immobilize the wrist and allow the tendon to rest can help reduce symptoms and promote healing.
7. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT): ESWT is a non-invasive treatment that uses shock waves to stimulate healing in the affected tendon.
8. Surgery: In rare cases, surgery may be considered if conservative treatments fail to provide relief. Surgical options may include tendon debridement, tendon repair, or release of tight or constricted tendons.

It’s important to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and personalized treatment plan for extensor tendinitis. They can help determine the most appropriate treatment approach based on the severity of your symptoms and any underlying factors.